В данном исследовательском проекте по английскому языку на тему "Is it easy to be healthy?" автором была поставлена цель поднять вопрос о важности здоровья для современного общества, рассказать о различных хороших и плохих привычках, побудить людей беспокоиться о своем здоровье и следить за ним, дать полезные советы по сохранению здоровья.

Подробнее о проекте:

Предложенная исследовательская работа по английскому языку на тему "Легко ли быть здоровым?" имеет большую практическую значимость: в связи с тем, что по статистике 20% подростков в России имеют какое-либо заболевание, школа должна осведомлять учащихся и их родителей о необходимости уделять внимание своему здоровью, правильному питанию и физическим нагрузкам.

В данном творческом исследовательском проекте в доступной форме изложен материал о вредных привычках, преследовавших человечество в прошлом, а также дается характеристика современных вредных привычек. Автор резюмирует влияние вредных привычек на здоровье человека, а также предлагает альтернативный список хороших привычек, положительно влияющих на здоровье человека.

При написании исследовательской работы по иностранному языку на тему "Is it easy to be healthy?" были использованы информационные материалы из Интернета, журналов и специальной литературы по данной теме. Проект написан на английском языке.

Contents

Introduction
1. Bad habits in the past.
1.1 Bad habits nowadays.
2. How do the bad habits influence on your health.
3. Good habits for your health.
4. Useful tips.
5. (Survey) what bad habits have you got?
Conclusion
Bibliography

The problem of being healthy is one of the most important problems of modern people. Nowadays a lot of people don’t pay attention to their health! Possibly, they think that it won’t hurt their body or they don’t have enough time to worry about their health. In the modern world most of people have a lot of bad health habits. Bed habits shorten their life. And this fact makes the problem actual. I think that the situation should be changed!

Is being healthy the main thing of our life? If it is so… I want to be healthy and celebrate my 100 birthday and feel well. That is why I have chosen the project topic. I’ll try to answer the question: « Is it easy to be healthy? »

So, the aim of my project is presenting the importance of health for the modern society.

To achieve this aim I set the following tasks:

1. To tell about various good and bad habits.
2. To make people think about health.
3. To give good pieces of advice for being healthy.

And I believe that my project will make people think about their health.

Smoking and drinking alcohol , and the surprising «danger» of sleeping either too much or too little, watching TV a lot, eating between meals and skipping meals. These bad health habits could lead to different diseases. Of course neither sleeping too much nor snacking is as dangerous as smoking, obesity and drinking, but they are signs of dangerously chaotic lifestyles.

Nowadays people have more unhealthy habits than in the past! Most often it’s children and teenagers. Physical inactivity, surfing the internet, eat fast food, spent a lot of time at a desk, sit and watch TV a lot, don’t go outside much, skipping meals. But I think that the main problem is modern laziness. People don’t want to be activity! A lot of people are overweight. Why?

We live in the era of fast food culture. We are always in a hurry. We have no time to relax and enjoy a meal. We want to eat now and we want to eat fast.

Every day a new restaurants fast food opens somewhere on our planet. Soon American food will take over the whole world.

Another reason is lack of exercise. We spend too much time in front of our computers and TV-sets. We walk less, because we prefer to use cars or public transport. Yes, many people nowadays are exercise crazy, they spend hours in gyms – and then they rush to have a good snack!

Also one of the main problems is obesity. Obesity

The World Health Organization defines obesity as a condition in which a person’s body-mass index, or BMI, is greater than 30. BMI is determined by dividing a person’s weight (in kilograms) by the square of the person’s height (in meters).

So someone who is 5 feet 2 inches and weighs 164 pounds would be classified as obese, as would someone 5 feet 10 inches who weighs 207 pounds. Keep in mind, though, that a given volume of muscle weighs more than the same volume of fat, so very muscular individuals may have an elevated BMI without being overweight.

Using the BMI criterion, about 32 percent of adults in the United States are obese and about 17 percent of children are overweight. The problem has become so common that commercial jets have to burn excess fuel to carry heavier loads, parents of obese young children have trouble finding car safety seats to fit them, and the funeral industry has to offer larger than normal coffins and order wider hearses.

And obesity among adults and children is rising, not only in the United States but also in regions as diverse as Asia, Europe, South America, and Africa. Obesity is associated with health problems such as diabetes, high blood pressure, an increased risk of heart attack, and possibly Alzheimer’s disease. In the United States alone, obesity is blamed for about 30,000 deaths each year and for a predicted shortening of life expectancy in the twenty-first century.

Why do some people become obese? Body weight is determined by a combination of food intake and energy output. Obese people get more energy from food than their body metabolizes, or “burns up.” The excess energy, measured in calories, is stored as fat.

Obese people tend to eat above-average amounts of high-calorie, tasty foods but below-average amounts of less tasty foods. Further, they may be less active than lean people, a pattern that often begins in childhood. Spending long hours watching television or playing computer games is a major cause of the inactivity seen in overweight children.

In short, inadequate physical inactivity, combined with overeating—especially of the high-fat foods so prevalent in most Western cultures—has a lot to do with obesity.

But not everyone who is inactive and eats a high-fat diet becomes obese, and some obese people are as active as lean people, so other factors must also be involved. Some people probably have a genetic predisposition toward obesity.

For example, although most obese people have the genes to make leptin, they may not be sensitive to its weight-suppressing effects—perhaps because of differing genetic codes for leptin receptors in the hypothalamus. These genetic factors, along with the presence of certain viruses in the body, may help explain obese people’s tendency to eat more, to accumulate fat, and to feel hungrier than lean people.

Other explanations for obesity focus on factors such as learning from the examples set by parents who overeat, too little parental control over what and how much children eat, and maladaptive reactions to stress. Many people do tend to eat more when under stress, a reaction that may be especially extreme among those who become obese.

For most people, and especially for people who are obese, it is a lot easier to gain weight than to lose it and keep it off. The problem arises partly because our evolutionary ancestors—like nonhuman animals in the wild today—could not always be sure that food would be available. Those who survived lean times were the ones whose genes created tendencies to build and maintain fat reserves.

These “thrifty genes” are adaptive in famine-plagued environments, but they can be harmful and even deadly in affluent societies in which overeating is unnecessary and in which donut shops and fast food restaurants are on every corner. Further, if people starve themselves to lose weight, their bodies may burn calories more slowly.

This drop in metabolism saves energy and fat reserves and slows weight loss. No wonder health and nutrition experts warn that obese people (and others) should not try to lose a great deal of weight quickly by dramatically cutting food intake.

In fact, no single antiobesity treatment is likely to be a safe, effective solution that works for everyone. To achieve the kind of gradual weight loss that is most likely to last, obese people are advised to make lifestyle changes in addition to, or instead of, drugs or surgery.

The most effective weight-loss programs include components designed to reduce food intakeraising metabolism rather than lowering it.

Every unhealthy habit can lead to different dangerous diseases such as cancer, asthma, obesity.

They interrupt with the implementation of their goals and use their opportunities. For example: smoking. Here are some sad facts about smoking:

1. Smoking causes bronchitis, asthma, and emphysema.
2. Cigarette smoke clogs and makes lungs awfully dirty.
3. Your teeth will turn yellow.
4. You will have bad breath.
5. Your hair and skin will become dry. You’ll get premature wrinkles.
6. Smokers store more fat around the waist.
7. Your clothes and hair will have a terrible smell.
8. Good habits for your health

Today it is in fashion to be fit and healthy. Eating habits have changed. Peopleprefer eating a lot of fruit and vegetables and less high fat food. People go to the gym to have a beautiful body and strong muscles.

Some good advices for your health:

1. Regularity in life promotes your health.
2. Sleeping seven or eight hours.
3. Getting up early.
4. Having a healthy diet.
5. Eating a variety of foods.
6. Taking regular exercise is really a good way to live. Exercising can help you to look better and feel good.
7. Useful tips from my experience

I know that a lot of children don’t pay attention to their health but since I became a teenager I have been more concerned about what I eat and the balance of exercise in my life.

My guide:

• Walk where you can and get involved in some kind of sport.
• Limit your TV and computer time.
• Don’t skip your meals, and it will help you to give up snacking.
• Avoid late snacking.
• If only junk food is sold at your school, tell the school that they need to change the menu! Junk food should be banned at school.
• Drink lots of water not Coke.
• Do not smoke. Smoking makes you ill.
• Be positive and believe in yourself.
• Smile, laugh and be kind!
• Survey

There were interviewed 70 pupils of 14-16 years old

What bad habits haveyou gоt?

Sleeping too little	40
Snacking	37
Eating junk food	35
Skipping meals	30
Drinking	14
Physical inactivity	10
Sleeping too much	9
Smoking	7

According to the survey the most popular bad habit is sleeping too little.

How many hours should a kid sleep?

According to Dr. Komarovskiy

Age	Hours/day
A new born	15-18
1-12 m.	12-14
3-6 years old	10-12
7-12 years old	10-11
12-18 years old	8-9

90% of children sleep too little because:

1. Do a lot of homework.
2. Don’t have the schedule of a day.
3. Use mobiles and computers too much time.
4. Being under stress.

Who is in charge of your health?

Having completed my project I was surprised how much I’ve known about the health.

According to statistics 20% of teenagers in Russia have a disease of some kind. But who is responsible for it?

School certainly should pay attention to teen’s health. Since children have to sit at a desk all day long, they have no time to go out. What’s more there are not enough PE lessons at school and, as a result, children are less active.

On the other hand, many parents themselves have unhealthy diets. Parents don’t have time to cook healthy food because of a lot of work. Consequently, they are not able to teach their children to eat healthily at home. And this results in unhealthy eating habits to their children.

However, I don’t think it’s fair to consider parents, TV, magazines or schools responsible for the fact that children are unhealthy. It’s our own choice as to what we eat and how active we are. We- children are very lazy nowadays. If you are unhealthy, the person who is responsible for it is yourself.

While working on the project I faced a number of difficulties. The problem was that I came across a great amount of information on this topic and it was too hard to choose what I needed.

I think that I achieved my aim. From this project you can get a lot of useful information about health.

1. УМК «English 8» В.П. Кузовлева.
2. Журналы для изучающих английский язык «Speak Out»
3. Интернет ресурсы.